The publication of scholarly journals remains the primary form of the certification, dissemination, and preservation of the results of scholarly research. This communication medium was an early adapter of online distribution and other web-based resources. The publishing enterprise continues to evolve rapidly, both as it continues to explore and embrace opportunities presented by the online medium, and as it responds to pressures to widen public access. This panel examines recent developments in scholarly publishing from the standpoint of three key stakeholders: the university, library, and publishing communities. The moderator and presenters were members of the Scholarly Publishing Roundtable, a panel that presented recommendations to the U.S. Congress and the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy on how U.S. federal funding agencies should promote wider access to scholarly publications.