The two largest energy sectors—electricity and transportation—are poised for transformational change driven by next generation electrical energy storage. The future electricity grid will deploy wind and solar generation on a wide scale, level load peaks and valleys, and manage demand using high capacity, low cost stationary energy storage embedded in a smart grid. Personal transportation ready for electrification will replace foreign oil with domestic electricity and significantly reduce carbon emissions, driven by portable high energy density, low cost electricity storage. These transformational impacts on transportation and the grid require next generation electrical energy storage with five times the energy density and one-fifth the cost of today’s best commercial batteries. The symposium examines the impact that such electricity storage technologies will have on the grid and transportation, and the promising discoveries and innovations beyond today’s lithium ion battery technology that will raise performance and lower cost.