Advancements in packaging technology that extend food shelf-life, agricultural products including pesticides and genetically modified foods, and a more integrated and global marketplace have led to increased food quantity and quality. However, as a consequence, these advancements have led to concerns about food safety and potential risks to public health. Global food safety concerns range from incidental to deliberate food contamination from microorganisms or toxic substances, chemicals migrating into food from food containers, pesticide residues on food, and genetically modified foods. Our panel of experts will highlight the science-based approaches in toxicology and risk assessment that are being used to regulate food safety in the food, chemical, and agricultural industries around the world. To underscore the importance of these issues, we will identify opportunities for advancing technologies and science across many sectors, including academia, industry, government, and public health organizations, to build confidence in the safety of our food to protect human health.