An increasing number of U.S. federal agencies now engage with developing countries on issues of science, technology, and engineering. Traditionally, some of these agencies have had limited engagement with scientists and engineers outside U.S. borders. Alternatively, their models of engagements with developing countries have been different but are now evolving, given the broadening function of science and technology in a global society. The scientific areas of capacity-building undertaken by U.S. agencies run the gamut, from communication networks to biodiversity. This session will present some unique programs underway at U.S. federal agencies for international scientific engagement and capacity-building. The objectives, management, implementation, and effectiveness of the programs will be presented. The intention of the session is to better understand the motivation, successes, failures, lessons learnt, and future directions for these programs. Moreover, the panel will explore policy implications of these international programs for interagency coordination and cooperation. Science and technology capacity-building programs for developing countries operated by U.S. federal agencies will also be discussed with respect to their challenges and opportunities, selection of host/partner countries and scientific themes, influence of U.S. taxpayers and lawmakers on the direction of such programs, and expanding partnerships with foundations and nongovernmental organizations.