Quantum Computing and Post-Quantum Cryptography

A quantum mechanical representation of information could enable revolutionary technologies, from fast computation to unbreakable encryption. The study of quantum information processing also advances basic science. This session explores how a computational perspective on quantum mechanics is revolutionizing diverse fields of study. Speakers will identify the policy implications of the transition to a quantum information society. There is already a vibrant research field of post-quantum cryptography, studying algorithms that may be resistant to a quantum computer attack. Integrating quantum cryptography into networks may be part of the long-range evolution of data encryption standards. Speakers also will consider computational intractability as a law of nature and the capabilities of quantum computers, ranging from simple optical experiments to black hole physics. The panel will discuss whether quantum computing may lead to a revision of the scientific method itself, since the usual approach to science -- based on verifying the predictions of a candidate theory -- cannot be used when those predictions become computationally difficult. A new framework of interactive experiments, allowing for efficient testing of quantum mechanics with limited computational resources, is proposed.