Radio-wavelength emission is little affected by intervening dust and gas, and astronomical radio telescope systems can probe deep into regions that are largely inaccessible at optical and infrared wavelengths, such as the interiors of the protoplanetary disks where planets are being born. This symposium explores how a new generation of enormously more capable radio-wavelength research tools-such as the international Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile and the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in New Mexico-are revolutionizing our ability to observe, analyze, and understand protoplanetary disk and planet formation, opening new scientific frontiers. The discovery space that astronomers can now explore has recently and dramatically expanded as these state-of-the-art telescope systems have initiated science operations. Astronomers now have access to orders of magnitude better sensitivity, broader wavelength coverage, and increased imaging and spectral resolution that are enabling major advances in our understanding of the kinematics, chemistry, composition, structure, and evolution of the earliest dust-enshrouded phases of protoplanetary disk and planet formation.