Science education and career development (or what is now called STEM—science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) are vital for several reasons: science is a national asset that drives innovation and economic strength; the United States has been a leader in producing research and development and the personnel responsible for its renewal; and the federal investment in science continues to shape what universities do and what K-12 schools teach. Yet the nation faces a demographic challenge: by 2050, the nation will be “majority minority.” Minorities represent less than 7 percent of the nation’s STEM work force and are grossly underrepresented in undergraduate and graduate degrees awarded in STEM fields. In addition, the United States is flagging in STEM degree production compared to the nations of Europe and Asia. It must prepare more of its citizens, reflecting the diversity of the nation, for careers in science and engineering. This symposium focuses on the legal climate for increasing participation of underrepresented groups (women and minorities) in STEM education and careers. Through collaboration with the Association of American Universities, general counsels and academic leaders have been engaged to review student- and faculty-centered programs and practices that have been effective in their institutions. Can they be made legally sustainable? A range of participants will address progress on the ground and in areas of legal opportunity.