Mitigating Seismic Liquefaction Using Magnetized Iron Nanoparticles in a Ferrofluid

My purpose was to mitigate seismic liquefaction through the use of iron nanoparticles in a zeolite structure. This would increase the soil's shear strength causing the soil to not liquefy. To do this, I calculated saturation of soil and densities. Next, I conducted penetrometer tests with all combinations of sand, zeolite and ferrofluid, with and without the use of a magnetic field. My penetrometer results show ferrofluid alone with the magnet increased the shear strength of the soil by about 25%.  Adding zeolite did not improve the strength of the soil; it decreased it.  The results showed that zeolite does not improve strength of soil, and it won’t be used for dynamic shear strength testing. The dynamic test samples included sand as a control and different concentrations of ferrofluid with an electromagnet in sand for mitigation. A shaker table was constructed and used to measure shear resistance against liquefaction. The results show that 100% ferrofluid with an electromagnet loses the least amount of shear resistance and has the highest residual resistance. I conclude that 100% ferrofluid with an electromagnet creates the highest shear strength in liquefiable soils.