Robert Turell Professor of Medical History and Bioethics, University of Wisconsin, Madison Dr. Lederer is a historian who has published extensively on the history of human and animal experimentation. Her books include Subjected to Science: Human Experimentation in America Before the Second World War; Frankenstein: Penetrating the Secrets of Nature; and Flesh and Blood: A Cultural History of Transplantation and Transfusion in Twentieth-Century America. She is currently writing a biography of anesthesia researcher Henry K. Beecher, a major figure in the American bioethics movement. She has previously taught at Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Yale University School of Medicine. She received a Ph.D. in history of science from University of Wisconsin, Madison.