Dr. Fedoroff is a leading geneticist and molecular biologist who has contributed to the development of modern techniques used to study and modify plants. Under the administrations of Presidents George Bush and Barack Obama, she served as Science and Technology Adviser to the Secretary of State and to the Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development. She is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi honorary societies. Her memberships include the Board of Trustees of the Library of Alexandria, Egypt, and the Board of Governors at the Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter of the Los Alamos Laboratory.