With the advent of research in genomics, a wealth of data is becoming available for personalization and tailoring of medical care. Genetic predispositions partially dictate disease onset, although exposures may be identical from one individual to another. During surgery, patients may have adverse reactions to uses of certain materials. Medical experience and controlled clinical trials have traditionally provided the knowledge base for such decisions. Current information gleaned from mapping the human genome is making it possible to identify "what is best for whom" with a view to early diagnosis and optimal treatment. Methodological issues arise, however, during identification, oversight, and dissemination of results. Conclusions are often based on epidemiologic studies with implicit errors related to false positives and false negatives. Genome identification needs analysis from microarrays with myriads of datapoints. Translating findings to implementation interacts with time and policy constraints. This symposium brings a dialog among experts who have made significant contributions in this newly developing area of health risk reduction and early intervention.