Food, water, and energy resources are globally interconnected and under strain: nearly 1 billion people are near starvation, nearly 1 billion do not have adequate freshwater, and more than 2 billion people do not have proper sanitation. Moving to cleaner water/wastewater has implications for energy use. Moving to biofuels has implications for freshwater and food. Ramping up food production to meet global population growth has implications for energy and freshwater. Speakers will discuss in scientific, engineering, economic, and policy detail whether algae might be a potential solution. For example, algae can grow in saltwater in desert areas, sparing freshwater and arable land. They can also be used to treat wastewater, yielding freshwater and sanitation. Algae can be a source of oils for next-generation biofuels, with the residue a source of fiber or feed. Algae are already used for nutraceutical applications, so they could become a basic source of food calories for the world’s poor. In this session, leading experts from government, industry, and academia will present their views on the state of the science, engineering challenges, industrial practicalities, policy barriers, and promising R&D pathways for bringing algae out of the lab.